GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS.

One of the most important factors in the performance and durability of any vehicle is its lubrication. This is especially true of the Land-Rove because of the diverse conditions under which it may be called upon to perform. We are in your hands; not being able to stand over you and see that you put the right lubricant in the right place at the right time, we can only lay down instructions and hope that they will be carried out. You are earnestly advised, however, that the maximum amount of you have a right to expect from your Land-Rover will only be obtained if due and regular attention is given to the vital subject of lubrication.

The lubricants recommended for use on the Land-Rover will be found on Pages 32 and 33,
as well as on a plate attached to the radiator baffle. They have been selected only after experimental work on our part in conjunction with the oil refiners; as a result of the tests to which they have been subjected, we find that the oils listed are pre-eminently suitable for the Land-Rover and you are advised to use no other.

In cold weather, starting the engine may prove to be a serious problem if oils heavier than those indicated are used and they would also affect fuel economy and engine life, so when ordering your oil be careful to state the GRADE as well as the MAKE.

We would advise you that we cannot hold ourselves responsible for damage arising from the use of any additive to our recommended lubricants. The oils we have selected are complete in themselves and afford every protection in use. A warning is necessary against the addition of any oils or other products, as these may materially impair the character of the lubricant in use by dilution and so reduce its viscosity to danger point.

The pages which follow give complete instructions regarding the grade and quantity of lubricant required for all parts of the vehicle; it should be realised, however, that the intervals at which lubrication is carried out must depend largely on the conditions of service under which any individual vehicle is operated. The mileage intervals indicated should be adhered to when your Land-Rover is mainly used for road work, but it is difficult to quote accurate equivalent time intervals when the vehicle is employed on field work or as a mobile power plant, owing to the diversity of such applications. An attempt has been made to give average intervals in terms of operation hours and these should be followed as a general guide, but in many cases this will largely be a matter that must be left to the good judgment of the operator; obviously in dry dusty weather, certain operations must be carried out much more frequently than during rainy spells.

It should be constantly borne in mind that "over-lubrication," i.e., lubrication attention at comparatively short intervals, cannot do the slightest harm to the vehicle, whereas the converse certainly can (and very often will) seriously shorten its effective service life.

For convenience, the main lubrication points are shown on the plan views at Figs. 4 and 5 and the more important attentions repeated in the " summary of points requiring regular attention on Pages 31, 34, 35.

ENGINE LUBRICATION

OIL LEVEL.
It is necessary that the quantity of oil in the system be kept within specified limits. Since a certain amount of oil is used up in the proper operation of the engine, the supply must be replenished from time to time, this requirement being additional to periodic changing of the oil. The amount of oil used will depend largely, amongst other things, on the speed at which the vehicle is driven.
A dipstick is provided on the right-hand side of the engine and access to it is gained by lifting the bonnet top panel (Fig. 6). This stick carries two marks, H (High) and L (Low) and the oil level should always be maintained as near the H mark as possible on no account should it fall below the L mark, in fact it is desirable that this point is not even approached.

Do not fill beyond the H mark, otherwise you may experience trouble with sooted plugs and the engine may require more frequent decarbonisation than is really necessary.
The engine oil-level should be checked daily in this way and topped up as found necessary.
The oil pressure warning light on the instrument panel will glow when, for any reason, the oil pressure drops below 10 to 12 lb. per sq. in. (0,7 to 0,8 Kg.). It will, therefore, light up when the engine is stationary and will go out when the engine has started and the oil pressure has built up to exceed this figure. Should the warning light appear at any time during normal vehicle operation, the engine must be stopped immediately and the cause ascertained; usually it will be due to low oil level in the sump.

DRAINING THE SUMP.
The engine oil is drained by removing the plug in the bottom of the sump on the right-hand side. First run the engine to get the oil well warmed up, remove the plug and allow plenty of time for the dirty oil to drain completely away. Replace the plug and refill the engine by adding oil of the correct grade through the filler cap on the left-hand side. The sump capacity is 10 pints (5,5 litres).

OIL FILTERS.

In addition to the oil pump intake filter the oil is cleaned by means of an AC. type ZS1 pressure filter mounted externally on the engine. This filter continually cleans a proportion of the oil drawn from the front end of the bearing gallery pipe, the return being direct to the sump by external pipeline (Fig. 7).

It should be renewed at intervals not exceeding 6,000 miles (10.000 Km.) if the vehicle is used primarily on the road and at every 300 hours if it is used mainly for fieldwork.
Every 6,000 mile~ (10.000 Km.), remove the sump and remove the oil pump intake filter. If necessary, clean the filter in petrol and replace.

WATER PUMP.
The water pump bearings are pre-packed with grease and require no further lubrication.

DYNAMO.
At about every 18,000 miles (30.000 Km.) or 500 hours, unscrew the lubricator at the end of the dynamo (Fig. 6), lift out the felt pad and spring and about half fill the lubricator with high melting-point grease. Replace the spring and' felt pad.

DISTRIBUTOR.
Every 3,000 miles (5.000 Km.) or 100 hours, lubricate the distributor as follows -
(i) Lightly smear the cam with clean engine oil.
(ii) Lift off the rotor and add a few drops of thin machine oil to lubricate the cam bearing and distributor shaft. Replace the rotor and push it on to the shaft as far as possible.
(iii) Add a few drops of thin machine oil through the hole marked "OIL HERE" in the contact-breaker base plate, to lubricate the automatic timing control.
(iv) Place a small amount of clean engine oil on the contact breaker lever pivot. Do not allow oil to get on to the contacts.

CLUTCH LUBRICATION.
The clutch withdrawal mechanism is lubricated from the gearbox; hence no individual attention is required.

MAIN GEARBOX LUBRICATION.
Under extreme winter conditions, the oil should be changed on receipt of the vehicle to the appropriate grade.
Every 1,000 miles (1.500 Km.) or 30 hours, the main gearbox oil level should be checked and replenished as necessary. The dip-stick and filler ~cap on top of the gearbox are accessible through the cover plate on the gearbox cover in front of the seat-box ; the level should be kept up to the "H" mark on the stick (Fig. 7).
The oil should be drained off after the first 750 miles (1.000 Km.) or 25 hours and thereafter at each 3,000 miles (5.000 Km.) or 100 hours, by removing the plug in the bottom of the gearbox casing (Fig. 5). Refill with the correct grade the capacity is approximately 2.5 pints (1,5 litres).
It is advisable to drain off the oil after a run when the unit is warm, as draining will then be faster and more complete.

TRANSFER BOX LUBRICATION.
The transfer box, transfer case and freewheel are lubricated as one unit, through a filler plug situated on the top panel of the transfer box (Fig. 6).
Under extreme winter conditions, the oil should be changed on receipt of the vehicle to the appropriate grade.
Check the oil level every 1,000 miles (1.500 Km.) or 30 hours by removing the level plug on the right-hand side of the box; this should be done immediately after a run when the unit is warm; if any oil runs out of the plug hole, allow it to do so, but if the level is low, add oil of the correct grade through the filler hole until it reaches the bottom of the level hole. Replace both plugs securely.
The oil should be completely drained after the first 750 miles (1.000 Km.) or 25 hours and thereafter at every 3,000 miles (5.000 Km.) or 100 hours by removing the plug in the bottom of the transfer box housing (Fig. 5). Refill with new oil to the bottom of the level hole; the total capacity of the unit is 4.5 pints (2,5 litres).

Fig. 8. Rear Axel

A: Oil filler/ Level Plug
B: Breather
C: Brake bleed nipple
D: Oil drain plug

FRONT AND REAR PROPELLER SHAFT LUBRICATION.
Lubrication nipples are provided on the sliding portions of the front and rear propeller shafts (Fig. 5). Every 1,000 miles (1,500 Km.) or 30 hours apply one of the recommended oils at these two points, using the oil gun provided in the tool kit.
Lubrication nipples are also fitted to the propeller shaft universal joints. Every 3,000 miles (5.000 Km.) or 100 hours, apply the correct grade of oil at these four points, preferably using the oil gun provided in the tool kit. If high pressure greasing equipment is used, great care must be taken not to damage the seals in the joints.

FRONT AND REAR AXLE LUBRICATION.

Under extreme winter conditions, the oil should be changed on receipt of the vehicle to the appropriate grade.
While it is necessary to make sure that the axles receive sufficient lubrication, it is important to avoid an excess of oil. This is especially so in the case of the rear axle, where the oil may reach the brake shoes and cause a serious loss in braking efficiency.
The oil levels should be checked at each 1,000 miles (1.500 Km.) or 30 hours, immediately after a run when the axles are warm. Remove the combined level and filler plug from the axle casing banjo (on the right-hand side on the rear axle and at the front on the front axle-Figs. 8 and 9); if any oil runs out, allow it to do so, but if the level is low, add oil of the correct grade, using a syringe or suitable funnel, until it reaches the bottom of the filler bole. Replace the plug securely.
The oil should be completely drained after the first 750 miles (1.000 Km.) or 25 hours and thereafter at every 3,000 miles (5.000 Km.) or 100 hours by removing the plug in the bottom of the axle casing. Refill with new oil to the bottom of the filler hole; the total capacity of each unit is approximately 3 pints (1,75 litre).
NOTE -A second oil filler / level plug is provided on the front axle at the rear of the differential casing; this is rather inaccessible on the vehicle, so that usually the front plug will always be used.

TRACTA JOINT, SWIVEL PIN AND FRONT HUB LUBRICATION.
The Tracta joints, swivel pins and front hubs receive their lubrication from common housings, the combined level and filler plugs being located at the rear of the joint housings on the centre-line of the axle. (Fig. 10).
Check the oil level in each joint at every 1,000 miles 1.500 Km.) or 30 hours by removing the plug immediately after a run when the unit is warm; if any oil runs out, allow it to do so, but if the level is low, add oil of the correct grade, using a syringe or oil-gun, until it reaches the bottom of the filler hole. Replace the plug securely. The total capacity of each unit is approximately 1 pint (0,5 litre).

Fig. 9. Front Axel (front view)

Fig. 10. Front axle (rear view)

A: Axle filler/level plug
B: Breather
C: Brake bleed nipple
D: Oil drain plug
E: Axle secondary filler/ level plug
F: Tracta joint filler/level plug

STEERING LUBRICATION.
The only component in the steering system requiring any lubrication attention is the steering box itself; the ball-joints and steering relay shaft are pre-packed with grease or oil and need no lubrication tor the life of the vehicle, except in cases of repair after accidental damage or when dismantled for any other reason.
An oil filler plug for the steering box will be found on top of the steering column just above the box. Every 1,000 miles (1.500 Km.) or 30 hours, remove the filler plug and add oil of the correct grade as required to bring the level to the bottom of the filler neck. Replace the plug securely.

SUSPENSION LUBRICATION.
The road springs are mounted on rubber bushes which require no lubrication.

CHASSIS LUBRICATION.
The only points on the chassis requiring lubrication attention are the brake and clutch pedal shafts, which are provided with Tecalemit grease nipples (Fig. 4). Every 3,000 miles (5.000 Km.) or 100 hours apply one of the recommended greases at these two points, using the grease gun provided in the tool kit.

SUMMARY OF POINTS REQUIRING REGULAR ATTENTION

Use only the recommended lubricants listed on the two following pages.

These maintenance items are listed for the main part on a mileage basis, but it will be appreciated that in many cases the necessity for attention is also, related to running hours, especially where the vehicle is used largely for driving stationaty equipment or slow-speed agricultural work.
Throughout the summary~ page references are given on which the item concerned is dealt with at length and, where applicable, some indication of time interval is given. It is therefore most important that attention be transferred to these pages at appropriate points.

DAILY:
Before starting the engine, check : -
1. Level of oil in the engine sump.
2. Level of water in radiator.

WEEKLY:
1. TYRES. Check pressure and inflate if necessary
Examine tyres for cuts and damage and remove any embedded flints, etc.
2. WHEELS. Check wheel nuts for tightness.
3. BRAKES. Check the level of fluid in the hydraulic reservoir and replenish if necessary.

AT FIRST 750 MILES (1.000 Km.):
1. Your dealer will carry out the first service check-over as detailed on the Free Service Card supplied with the vehicle.

EVERY 1,000 MILES (1.500 Km.):
1. BATTERY. Check the acid level and replenish as necessary.
2. GEARBOX AND TRANSFER Box. Inspect the oil levels and replenish as necessary.
3. FRONT AND REAR AXLES. Inspect the oil levels and replenish as necessary.
4. TRACTA JOINTS. Inspect the oil levels and replenish as necessary.
5. STEERING Box. Remove the filler plug and top up with oil as required.
6. PROPELLER SHAFTS. Lubricate the nipples on the sliding joints.
7. BRAKES. Adjust as necessary.

AT FIRST 1,500 MILES (2.500 Km.):
1. Your dealer will carry out the second service check-over as detailed on the Free Service Card supplied with the vehicle.

EVERY 3,000 MILES (5.000 Km.):
1. ENGINE. Drain the sump and refill with fresh oil. Clean and refill the air cleaner.
2. SPARKING PLUGS. Inspect and re-set gaps to .023-.026 in. (0,60-0,65 mm.) if necessary.
3. TAPPETS. Check tappet adjustment.
4. DISTRIBUTOR. Lubricate as described on Page 27.
5. DYNAMO AND FAN BELT. Check tension and adjust as required.
6. CLUTCH. It is important to see that correct free movement is maintained at the pedal pad. Adjust as required.
7. GEARBOX AND TRANSFER Box. Drain off the oil and refill with fresh lubricant.
8. FRONT AND REAR AXLES. Drain off the oil and refill with fresh lubricant.
9. FRONT AND REAR AXLES. Check tightness of U-bolts securing the axles to the springs.
10. PEDALS. Lubricate the nipples on the pedal spindles.
11. WHEELS. Change round all wheels to give them equal spells of duty.
12. PROPELLER SHAFTS. Lubricate the journal nipples.

EVERY 6,000 MILES (10.000 Km.):
1. FUEL SYSTEM. Clean sediment bowl and fuel pump filter.
2. DISTRIBUTOR. Clean and check as described on Page 68.
3. BRAKES. If the brakes have been harshly used, relining may be desirable.
4. ENGINE. Replace the AC. external oil filter.
Clean the oil pump intake filter.

EVERY 18,000 MILES (80.000 Km.):
1. DYNAMO. Lubricate

GENERAL.
A few spots of oil should be applied to all exposed joints, such as throttle joints, brake joints, door locks and hinges, etc., as frequently as possible-at least once every month. At the same time it is a sound practice to look over such points as wiring (where this is exposed), brake pipes and control rods for signs of chafing which might cause "shorts" or leaks.

DECARBONISING

It is not possible to lay down any hard and fast rule concerning the mileage intervals at which the engine should be decarbonised and the valves ground in, for it is not actually necessary to carry out the operation until there is a " fall-off" in performance. As that condition is not always readily detected under varying conditions of service, your nearest Rover dealer will always be pleased to advise you on the matter. if you are in any doubt at all, it is far better to depend upon mileage as your guide and decarbonise and grind in the valves every 9,000 miles (15.000 Km.). In cases where the vehicle is used almost exclusively for stationary work, decarbonising should be carried out at intervals of 300-500 hours.